书面 shūmiàn in writing
in writing; written
How to remember 书面: 书 book + 面 face = in writing.
Characters
How it is used
- 'In writing, written' - 书面通知 (shūmiàn tōngzhī) written notice; 书面语 (shūmiànyǔ) written/formal language.
- The standard contrast with 口头 (kǒutóu, oral) - 书面申请 vs 口头承诺.
- Marks the formal, documented channel as opposed to spoken.