擅自 shànzì without permission
怎么记住“擅自”: 擅 to be good at + 自 self = without permission.
汉字
用法
- Without authorization, taking action one has no right to - 擅自离岗 (shànzì lígǎng) leave one's post without permission.
- An adverb, always negative. It marks acting on one's own where approval was required: 擅自决定 (shànzì juédìng) decide unilaterally.