现代化 xiàndàihuà modernization
How to remember 现代化: 现 the present + 代 era + 化 change = modernization.
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How it is used
- Modernization / to modernize - 农业现代化 (nóngyè xiàndàihuà) agricultural modernization.
- The 化 suffix = '-ization'; it turns 现代 into a process, like 工业化 industrialization. Very common in policy and development talk.