上述 shàngshù aforementioned
aforementioned; above-mentioned
How to remember 上述: 上 above + 述 to express = aforementioned.
Characters
How it is used
- 'The above-mentioned' - 上述问题 (shàngshù wèntí) the aforementioned issues; 综上所述 (zōng shàng suǒ shù) to sum up the above.
- Strictly written/formal, used in reports, contracts, and academic prose to point back to something already stated.
- Functions as an attributive adjective before a noun; you wouldn't say it in conversation.